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    The effect of warm-up, static stretching and dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in previously injured subjects.

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    Authors
    O'Sullivan, Kieran
    Murray, Elaine
    Sainsbury, David
    Affiliation
    Physiotherapy Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. kieran.osullivan@ul.ie
    Issue Date
    2009
    MeSH
    Adolescent
    Adult
    Cross-Over Studies
    Exercise
    Female
    Humans
    Knee Joint
    Male
    Muscle Stretching Exercises
    Muscle, Skeletal
    Pliability
    Range of Motion, Articular
    Sprains and Strains
    Thigh
    Treatment Outcome
    Young Adult
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    Citation
    The effect of warm-up, static stretching and dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in previously injured subjects. 2009, 10:37 BMC Musculoskelet Disord
    Journal
    BMC musculoskeletal disorders
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/94745
    DOI
    10.1186/1471-2474-10-37
    PubMed ID
    19371432
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Warm-up and stretching are suggested to increase hamstring flexibility and reduce the risk of injury. This study examined the short-term effects of warm-up, static stretching and dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in individuals with previous hamstring injury and uninjured controls. METHODS: A randomised crossover study design, over 2 separate days. Hamstring flexibility was assessed using passive knee extension range of motion (PKE ROM). 18 previously injured individuals and 18 uninjured controls participated. On both days, four measurements of PKE ROM were recorded: (1) at baseline; (2) after warm-up; (3) after stretch (static or dynamic) and (4) after a 15-minute rest. Participants carried out both static and dynamic stretches, but on different days. Data were analysed using Anova. RESULTS: Across both groups, there was a significant main effect for time (p < 0.001). PKE ROM significantly increased with warm-up (p < 0.001). From warm-up, PKE ROM further increased with static stretching (p = 0.04) but significantly decreased after dynamic stretching (p = 0.013). The increased flexibility after warm-up and static stretching reduced significantly (p < 0.001) after 15 minutes of rest, but remained significantly greater than at baseline (p < 0.001). Between groups, there was no main effect for group (p = 0.462), with no difference in mean PKE ROM values at any individual stage of the protocol (p > 0.05). Using ANCOVA to adjust for the non-significant (p = 0.141) baseline difference between groups, the previously injured group demonstrated a greater response to warm-up and static stretching, however this was not statistically significant (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Warm-up significantly increased hamstring flexibility. Static stretching also increased hamstring flexibility, whereas dynamic did not, in agreement with previous findings on uninjured controls. The effect of warm-up and static stretching on flexibility was greater in those with reduced flexibility post-injury, but this did not reach statistical significance. Further prospective research is required to validate the hypothesis that increased flexibility improves outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12608000638336.
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1471-2474
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1186/1471-2474-10-37
    Scopus Count
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