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dc.contributor.authorKamran, Muhammad
dc.contributor.authorBibi, Farhana
dc.contributor.authorUr Rehman, Asim
dc.contributor.authorMorris, Derek W
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-22T14:50:12Z
dc.date.available2022-09-22T14:50:12Z
dc.date.issued2022-04-06
dc.identifier.pmid35456452
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/genes13040646
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10147/634289
dc.descriptionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder generally characterized by symptoms associated with mood, pleasure and effectiveness in daily life activities. MDD is ranked as a major contributor to worldwide disability. The complex pathogenesis of MDD is not yet understood, and this is a major cause of failure to develop new therapies and MDD recurrence. Here we summarize the literature on existing hypotheses about the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD. We describe the different approaches undertaken to understand the molecular mechanism of MDD using genetic data. Hundreds of loci have now been identified by large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We describe these studies and how they have provided information on the biological processes, cell types, tissues and druggable targets that are enriched for MDD risk genes. We detail our understanding of the genetic correlations and causal relationships between MDD and many psychiatric and non-psychiatric disorders and traits. We highlight the challenges associated with genetic studies, including the complexity of MDD genetics in diverse populations and the need for a study of rare variants and new studies of gene-environment interactions.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectGWASen_US
dc.subjectgeneen_US
dc.subjectmajor depressive disorderen_US
dc.titleMajor Depressive Disorder: Existing Hypotheses about Pathophysiological Mechanisms and New Genetic Findings.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.eissn2073-4425
dc.identifier.journalGenesen_US
dc.source.journaltitleGenes
dc.source.volume13
dc.source.issue4
refterms.dateFOA2022-09-22T14:50:13Z
dc.source.countrySwitzerland


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