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[Evidence summary:] How long does immunity last after COVID-19 vaccination? Does immunity wane faster in certain sub-populations? How safe and effective are booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine? [v1.0]

dc.contributor.authorWhite, Gethin
dc.contributor.authorMcCarthy, Siobhán
dc.contributor.authorLeen, Brendan
dc.contributor.authorNIAC Subgroup
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-13T11:40:43Z
dc.date.available2021-09-13T11:40:43Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-13
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10147/630369
dc.descriptionMain Points 1. Data from vaccination campaigns and ongoing studies have not fully answered the question of how long protection from COVID-19 vaccines will last. Data on the impact of new SARS-CoV-2 variants are limited, but are expected soon. Data from an ongoing multinational pivotal efficacy study showed that despite a gradually declining trend in vaccine efficacy, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine had an acceptable safety profile and was highly efficacious in preventing COVID-19 up to 6 months post-vaccination. 2. In Britain, the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI)4 recommend an additional dose of COVID-19 vaccine for those who are severely immunosuppressed. To date, the JCVI has not recommended booster doses for other groups. 3. In the United States, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommend that individuals with certain immunocompromising conditions who received a two-dose mRNA vaccine series should receive a third dose of the same vaccine. Immunocompromising conditions that warrant a third dose include active use of chemotherapy for cancer; hematologic malignancies; hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplant; advanced or untreated HIV infection with CD4 cell count <200 cells/microL; moderate or severe primary immunodeficiency disorder; and use of immunosuppressive medications. 4. Patients receiving dialysis may mount an attenuated immune response to COVID-19 vaccination. Standard vaccination series provide insufficient protection to some haemodialysis patients; immune monitoring and adaption of vaccination protocols may be considered. 5. Individuals aged 60 years will need to be closely monitored and may require earlier booster vaccinations to ensure long-lasting immunity and protection against infection. 6. Solid-organ transplant recipients may develop a substantially lower immunological response to mRNA-based vaccines. Data indicate that administration of a third dose of vaccine to solid-organ transplant recipients significantly improved immunogenicity. 7. There is significant heterogeneity of humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccines among immunosuppressed individuals, highlighting an urgent need to optimize COVID-19 prevention in these patients.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherHealth Service Executiveen_US
dc.subjectCORONAVIRUSen_US
dc.subjectCOVID-19en_US
dc.subjectVACCINATIONen_US
dc.subjectIMMUNISATIONen_US
dc.subjectVULNERABLE POPULATIONSen_US
dc.title[Evidence summary:] How long does immunity last after COVID-19 vaccination? Does immunity wane faster in certain sub-populations? How safe and effective are booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine? [v1.0]en_US
dc.typeOtheren_US
dc.contributor.departmentNational Health Library and Knowledge Service Evidence Teamen_US
refterms.dateFOA2021-09-13T11:40:44Z


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