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dc.contributor.authorWagner, K S
dc.contributor.authorWhite, J M
dc.contributor.authorNeal, S
dc.contributor.authorCrowcroft, N S
dc.contributor.authorKuprevičiene, N
dc.contributor.authorPaberza, R
dc.contributor.authorLucenko, I
dc.contributor.authorJõks, U
dc.contributor.authorAkbaş, E
dc.contributor.authorAlexandrou-Athanassoulis, H
dc.contributor.authorDetcheva, A
dc.contributor.authorVuopio, J
dc.contributor.authorvon Hunolstein, C
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, P G
dc.contributor.authorAndrews, N
dc.contributor.authorEfstratiou, A
dc.date.accessioned2012-11-20T16:03:36Z
dc.date.available2012-11-20T16:03:36Z
dc.date.issued2011-04
dc.identifier.citationScreening for Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans in patients with upper respiratory tract infections 2007-2008: a multicentre European study. 2011, 17 (4):519-25 Clin. Microbiol. Infect.en_GB
dc.identifier.issn1469-0691
dc.identifier.pmid20491827
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03269.x
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10147/252782
dc.description.abstractDiphtheria is now rare in most European countries but, when cases do arise, the case fatality rate is high (5-10%). Because few countries continue to routinely screen for the causative organisms of diphtheria, the extent to which they are circulating amongst different European populations is largely unknown. During 2007-2008, ten European countries each screened between 968 and 8551 throat swabs from patients with upper respiratory tract infections. Six toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae were identified: two from symptomatic patients in Latvia (the country with the highest reported incidence of diphtheria in the European Union) and four from Lithuania (two cases, two carriers); the last reported case of diphtheria in Lithuania was in 2002. Carriage rates of non-toxigenic organisms ranged from 0 (Bulgaria, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Italy) to 4.0 per 1000 (95% CI 2.0-7.1) in Turkey. A total of 28 non-toxigenic strains were identified during the study (26 C. diphtheriae, one Corynebacterium ulcerans, one Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis). The non-toxigenic C. ulcerans strain was isolated from the UK, the country with the highest reported incidence of cases due to C. ulcerans. Of the eleven ribotypes detected, Cluj was seen most frequently in the non-toxigenic isolates and, amongst toxigenic isolates, the major epidemic clone, Sankt-Petersburg, is still in circulation. Isolation of toxigenic C. diphtheriae and non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans in highly-vaccinated populations highlights the need to maintain microbiological surveillance, laboratory expertise and an awareness of these organisms amongst public health specialists, microbiologists and clinicians.
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseasesen_GB
dc.rightsArchived with thanks to Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseasesen_GB
dc.subject.meshAdolescent
dc.subject.meshAdult
dc.subject.meshAged
dc.subject.meshCarrier State
dc.subject.meshChild
dc.subject.meshChild, Preschool
dc.subject.meshCorynebacterium
dc.subject.meshCorynebacterium Infections
dc.subject.meshCorynebacterium diphtheriae
dc.subject.meshCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
dc.subject.meshEurope
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshIncidence
dc.subject.meshInfant
dc.subject.meshMass Screening
dc.subject.meshMiddle Aged
dc.subject.meshPharynx
dc.subject.meshRespiratory Tract Infections
dc.subject.meshYoung Adult
dc.titleScreening for Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans in patients with upper respiratory tract infections 2007-2008: a multicentre European study.en_GB
dc.typeArticleen
dc.contributor.departmentImmunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infection, London, UK.en_GB
dc.identifier.journalClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseasesen_GB
dc.description.provinceLeinsteren
html.description.abstractDiphtheria is now rare in most European countries but, when cases do arise, the case fatality rate is high (5-10%). Because few countries continue to routinely screen for the causative organisms of diphtheria, the extent to which they are circulating amongst different European populations is largely unknown. During 2007-2008, ten European countries each screened between 968 and 8551 throat swabs from patients with upper respiratory tract infections. Six toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae were identified: two from symptomatic patients in Latvia (the country with the highest reported incidence of diphtheria in the European Union) and four from Lithuania (two cases, two carriers); the last reported case of diphtheria in Lithuania was in 2002. Carriage rates of non-toxigenic organisms ranged from 0 (Bulgaria, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Italy) to 4.0 per 1000 (95% CI 2.0-7.1) in Turkey. A total of 28 non-toxigenic strains were identified during the study (26 C. diphtheriae, one Corynebacterium ulcerans, one Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis). The non-toxigenic C. ulcerans strain was isolated from the UK, the country with the highest reported incidence of cases due to C. ulcerans. Of the eleven ribotypes detected, Cluj was seen most frequently in the non-toxigenic isolates and, amongst toxigenic isolates, the major epidemic clone, Sankt-Petersburg, is still in circulation. Isolation of toxigenic C. diphtheriae and non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans in highly-vaccinated populations highlights the need to maintain microbiological surveillance, laboratory expertise and an awareness of these organisms amongst public health specialists, microbiologists and clinicians.


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