• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Research Articles
    • Journal articles & published research
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Research Articles
    • Journal articles & published research
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Map of Submissions

    Home Page
    UlsterN
    4715
    UlsterS
    4715
    Connacht
    1603
    Munster
    48
    Leinster
    426

    Browse

    All of Lenus, The Irish Health RepositoryCommunitiesTitleAuthorsDate publishedSubjectsThis CollectionTitleAuthorsDate publishedSubjects

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    About

    About LenusDirectory of Open Access JournalsOpen Access Publishing GuideNational Health Library & Knowledge ServiceGuide to Publishers' PoliciesFAQsTerms and ConditionsVision StatementRIAN Pathways to Irish ResearchHSE position statement on Open AccessNational Open Research Forum (NORF)Zenodo (European Open Research repository)

    Statistics

    Display statistics

    Randomized controlled trial to evaluate tooth stain reduction with nicotine replacement gum during a smoking cessation program

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    1472-6831-12-13.xml
    Size:
    53.98Kb
    Format:
    XML
    Download
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    1472-6831-12-13.pdf
    Size:
    210.3Kb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    View more filesView fewer files
    Authors
    Whelton, Helen
    Kingston, Rose
    O’Mullane, Denis
    Nilsson, Frederick
    Issue Date
    2012-06-13
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    BMC Oral Health. 2012 Jun 13;12(1):13
    URI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-12-13
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/244639
    Abstract
    AbstractBackgroundIn addition to its general and periodontal health effects smoking causes tooth staining. Smoking cessation support interventions with an added stain removal or tooth whitening effect may increase motivation to quit smoking. Oral health professionals are well placed to provide smoking cessation advice and support to patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Nicorette® Freshmint Gum used in a smoking cessation programme administered in a dental setting, on extrinsic stain and tooth shade among smokers.MethodsAn evaluator-blinded, randomized, 12-week parallel-group controlled trial was conducted among 200 daily smokers motivated to quit smoking. Participants were randomised to use either the Nicorette® Freshmint Gum or Nicorette® Microtab (tablet). Tooth staining and shade were rated using the modified Lobene Stain Index and the Vita® Shade Guide at baseline, weeks 2, 6 and 12. To maintain consistency with other whitening studies, the primary end-point was the mean change in stain index between baseline and week 6. Secondary variables included changes in stain measurements and tooth shade at the other time points the number of gums or tablets used per day and throughout the trial period; and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Treatments were compared using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), using treatment and nicotine dependence as factors and the corresponding baseline measurement as a covariate. Each comparison (modified intention-to-treat) was tested at the 0.05 level, two-sided. Within-treatment changes from baseline were compared using a paired t-test.ResultsAt week 6, the gum-group experienced a reduction in mean stain scores whilst the tablet-group experienced an increase with mean changes of -0.14 and +0.12 respectively, (p = 0.005, ANCOVA). The change in mean tooth shade scores was statistically significantly greater in the gum-group than in the tablet group at 2 (p = 0.015), 6 (p = 0.011) and 12 weeks (p = 0.003) with greater lightening in the gum-group at each examination period.ConclusionThese results support the efficacy of the tested nicotine replacement gum in stain reduction and shade lightening. These findings may help dentists to motivate those wishing to quit smoking using a nicotine replacement gum.Trial registrationNCT01440985
    Item Type
    Journal Article
    Collections
    Journal articles & published research

    entitlement

     
    National Health Library & Knowledge Service | Health Service Executive | Dr Steevens' Hospital | Dublin 8 | Ireland
    lenus@hse.ie | Tel +353 (1) 6352558
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2017  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Disclaimer
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.