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dc.contributor.authorO'Brien, Sinead M
dc.contributor.authorFitzgerald, Peter
dc.contributor.authorScully, Paul
dc.contributor.authorLanders, Anne
dc.contributor.authorScott, Lucinda V
dc.contributor.authorDinan, Timothy G
dc.date.accessioned2012-02-03T15:16:36Z
dc.date.available2012-02-03T15:16:36Z
dc.date.issued2012-02-03T15:16:36Z
dc.identifier.citationNeuroimmunomodulation. 2007;14(2):84-90. Epub 2007 Aug 21.en_GB
dc.identifier.issn1021-7401 (Print)en_GB
dc.identifier.issn1021-7401 (Linking)en_GB
dc.identifier.pmid17713355en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1159/000107423en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10147/209264
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVE: The lifetime prevalence of major depression is twice as high in females as in males. Depression is known to increase at periods where there are changes in gonadal hormones. We examined pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels during the normal menstrual cycle of healthy females compared to similar time points in healthy males. METHODS: Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in healthy females during the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle and also in males at similar time points. RESULTS: The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is associated with increased production of sIL-6R, IL-4 and TNF-alpha compared to the early follicular phase. No change was observed in IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 concentration throughout the menstrual cycle. We found IL-4 positively correlated with oestrogen while TNF-alpha positively correlated with progesterone. Females were found to have significantly higher concentrations of TNF-alpha and sIL-6R across all phases of the menstrual cycle, compared to males across similar time points. CONCLUSION: The normal menstrual cycle is associated with increased production of sIL-6R, IL-4 and TNF-alpha in the luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase. Females have significantly higher concentrations of sIL-6R and TNF-alpha at all time points across the menstrual cycle than males.
dc.language.isoengen_GB
dc.subject.meshAdulten_GB
dc.subject.meshCytokines/*blooden_GB
dc.subject.meshEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assayen_GB
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_GB
dc.subject.meshHumansen_GB
dc.subject.meshMaleen_GB
dc.subject.meshMenstrual Cycle/*blood/*immunologyen_GB
dc.subject.meshSex Factorsen_GB
dc.titleImpact of gender and menstrual cycle phase on plasma cytokine concentrations.en_GB
dc.contributor.departmentAlimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Cork University, Hospital, Cork, Ireland. sinead.obrien2@gmail.comen_GB
dc.identifier.journalNeuroimmunomodulationen_GB
dc.description.provinceMunster
html.description.abstractOBJECTIVE: The lifetime prevalence of major depression is twice as high in females as in males. Depression is known to increase at periods where there are changes in gonadal hormones. We examined pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels during the normal menstrual cycle of healthy females compared to similar time points in healthy males. METHODS: Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in healthy females during the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle and also in males at similar time points. RESULTS: The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is associated with increased production of sIL-6R, IL-4 and TNF-alpha compared to the early follicular phase. No change was observed in IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 concentration throughout the menstrual cycle. We found IL-4 positively correlated with oestrogen while TNF-alpha positively correlated with progesterone. Females were found to have significantly higher concentrations of TNF-alpha and sIL-6R across all phases of the menstrual cycle, compared to males across similar time points. CONCLUSION: The normal menstrual cycle is associated with increased production of sIL-6R, IL-4 and TNF-alpha in the luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase. Females have significantly higher concentrations of sIL-6R and TNF-alpha at all time points across the menstrual cycle than males.


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