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    Scrotal signs and symptoms in the general population, the value of testis self-examination and the pitfalls of a scrotal screening programme: is the two-week rule relevant?

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    Authors
    Casey, R G
    Grainger, R
    Butler, M
    McDermott, T E D
    Thornhill, J A
    Affiliation
    Department of Urology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital (Incorporating the National, Children's Hospital), Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland. Marjorie.whiteflynn@amnch.ie
    Issue Date
    2012-02-01T10:49:44Z
    MeSH
    Adolescent
    Adult
    Aged
    Cost-Benefit Analysis
    Early Detection of Cancer/economics/*methods
    Health Education/methods
    Health Surveys
    Humans
    Male
    Middle Aged
    Prevalence
    Scrotum/*abnormalities
    Self-Examination/economics/*methods
    Testicular Neoplasms/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology
    Testis/*anatomy & histology
    Time Factors
    Young Adult
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    Metadata
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    Citation
    World J Urol. 2011 Jun;29(3):387-91. Epub 2010 Apr 13.
    Journal
    World journal of urology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/207907
    DOI
    10.1007/s00345-010-0547-1
    PubMed ID
    20387068
    Abstract
    PURPOSE: Testicular symptoms/lumps are a cause of concern, anxiety and possible diagnostic dilemma for patient and general practitioner. The majority of scrotal pathology is benign in nature and results in a huge workload. The main aim of this study was to determine the relationship between scrotal symptoms, previous scrotal surgery, testicular self-examination and awareness of scrotal abnormalities. Secondarily, we sought to determine the scrotal findings in men enrolled in a consultant urologist-directed screening programme. METHODS: There were 677 men surveyed on their performance of TSE. They were also asked about scrotal symptoms and prior surgery, before undergoing blinded physical examination by one of four consultant urologists. RESULTS: Among the participants, 9.8% of men had scrotal symptoms with 55% of these having a normal scrotal examination and the rest having benign pathology. A number of men who had undergone previous scrotal surgery (13%) had no clinical findings detected on scrotal examination. No subject was found to have testis cancer; 20.9% had a benign scrotal or inguinal condition detected with the majority (65%) not aware of the abnormality. Men who demonstrate a superior awareness of their scrotal abnormalities were more likely to perform TSE. CONCLUSIONS: Increased awareness of scrotal abnormalities combined with TSE may have a role in improving detection of significant testicular pathology. However, the high prevalence of benign scrotal conditions, of which most men were unaware, may serve to raise anxiety in the patient and general practitioner. We believe there is no role for a one-stop scrotal anxiety clinic, as the costs do not justify the benefits.
    Language
    eng
    ISSN
    1433-8726 (Electronic)
    0724-4983 (Linking)
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s00345-010-0547-1
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Tallaght University Hospital

    entitlement

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