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    The physiology of growth hormone and sport.

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    Authors
    Widdowson, W Matthew
    Healy, Marie-Louise
    Sonksen, Peter H
    Gibney, James
    Affiliation
    Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Tallaght, , Dublin 24, Ireland.
    Issue Date
    2012-02-01T10:49:01Z
    MeSH
    Acromegaly/therapy
    Adipose Tissue
    *Athletes
    Exercise
    Female
    Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use
    Humans
    Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
    Male
    Muscles/drug effects
    Oxygen/chemistry
    Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
    Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
    *Sports
    Time Factors
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    Citation
    Growth Horm IGF Res. 2009 Aug;19(4):308-19. Epub 2009 Jun 7.
    Journal
    Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research, Society and the International IGF Research Society
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/207882
    DOI
    10.1016/j.ghir.2009.04.023
    PubMed ID
    19505835
    Abstract
    The growth hormone (GH)/ insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis exerts short-and long-term metabolic effects that are potentially important during exercise. Exercise is a potent stimulus to GH release and there is some evidence that the acute increase in GH is important in regulating substrate metabolism post-exercise. Regular exercise also increases 24-hour GH secretion rates, which potentially contributes to the physiologic changes induced by training. The effects of GH replacement in GH-deficient adults provide a useful model with which to study the effects of the more long-term effects of the GH/ IGF-I axis. There is convincing evidence that GH replacement increases exercise capacity. Measures of exercise performance including maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory threshold (VeT) are impaired in GH deficiency and improved by GH replacement, probably through some combination of increased oxygen delivery to exercising muscle, increased fatty acid availability with glycogen sparing, increased muscle strength, improved body composition and improved thermoregulation. Administration of supraphysiologic doses of GH to athletes increases fatty acid availability and reduces oxidative protein loss particularly during exercise, and increases lean body mass. It is not known whether these effects translate to improved athletic performance, although recombinant human GH is known to be widely abused in sport. The model of acromegaly provides evidence that long-term GH excess does not result in improved performance but it is possible that a "window" exists in which the protein anabolic effects of supraphysiologic GH might be advantageous.
    Language
    eng
    ISSN
    1532-2238 (Electronic)
    1096-6374 (Linking)
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.ghir.2009.04.023
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Tallaght University Hospital

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