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    Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction.

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    Authors
    O'Mahony, Siobhain M
    Hyland, Niall P
    Dinan, Timothy G
    Cryan, John F
    Affiliation
    Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. somahony@ucc.ie
    Issue Date
    2011-03
    MeSH
    Animals
    Brain
    Disease Models, Animal
    Gastrointestinal Tract
    Humans
    Irritable Bowel Syndrome
    Life Change Events
    Maternal Deprivation
    Rodentia
    Stress, Psychological
    
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    Citation
    Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction. 2011, 214 (1):71-88 Psychopharmacology (Berl.)
    Publisher
    Springer
    Journal
    Psychopharmacology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/198851
    DOI
    10.1007/s00213-010-2010-9
    PubMed ID
    20886335
    Abstract
    Early life stress has been implicated in many psychiatric disorders ranging from depression to anxiety. Maternal separation in rodents is a well-studied model of early life stress. However, stress during this critical period also induces alterations in many systems throughout the body. Thus, a variety of other disorders that are associated with adverse early life events are often comorbid with psychiatric illnesses, suggesting a common underlying aetiology. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that is thought to involve a dysfunctional interaction between the brain and the gut. Essential aspects of the brain-gut axis include spinal pathways, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, the immune system, as well as the enteric microbiota. Accumulating evidence suggest that stress, especially in early life, is a predisposing factor to IBS.
    The objective of this review was to assess and compile the most relevant data on early life stress and alterations at all levels of the brain gut axis.
    In this review, we describe the components of the brain-gut axis individually and how they are altered by maternal separation. The separated phenotype is characterised by alterations of the intestinal barrier function, altered balance in enteric microflora, exaggerated stress response and visceral hypersensitivity, which are all evident in IBS.
    Thus, maternally separated animals are an excellent model of brain-gut axis dysfunction for the study of disorders such as IBS and for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
    Item Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1432-2072
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s00213-010-2010-9
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Cork University Hospital

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