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    Clinical and anatomical heterogeneity in autistic spectrum disorder: a structural MRI study.

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    Authors
    Toal, F
    Daly, E M
    Page, L
    Deeley, Q
    Hallahan, B
    Bloemen, O
    Cutter, W J
    Brammer, M J
    Curran, S
    Robertson, D
    Murphy, C
    Murphy, K C
    Murphy, D G M
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    Affiliation
    Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. ftoal@rcsi.ie
    Issue Date
    2010-07
    MeSH
    Adolescent
    Adult
    Asperger Syndrome
    Autistic Disorder
    Brain
    Cognition Disorders
    Female
    Humans
    Language Development Disorders
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Male
    Middle Aged
    Neuropsychological Tests
    Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
    Phenotype
    Severity of Illness Index
    Stereotypic Movement Disorder
    Young Adult
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    Citation
    Clinical and anatomical heterogeneity in autistic spectrum disorder: a structural MRI study. 2010, 40 (7):1171-81 Psychol Med
    Journal
    Psychological medicine
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10147/127227
    DOI
    10.1017/S0033291709991541
    PubMed ID
    19891805
    Abstract
    Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by stereotyped/obsessional behaviours and social and communicative deficits. However, there is significant variability in the clinical phenotype; for example, people with autism exhibit language delay whereas those with Asperger syndrome do not. It remains unclear whether localized differences in brain anatomy are associated with variation in the clinical phenotype.
    We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate brain anatomy in adults with ASD. We included 65 adults diagnosed with ASD (39 with Asperger syndrome and 26 with autism) and 33 controls who did not differ significantly in age or gender.
    VBM revealed that subjects with ASD had a significant reduction in grey-matter volume of medial temporal, fusiform and cerebellar regions, and in white matter of the brainstem and cerebellar regions. Furthermore, within the subjects with ASD, brain anatomy varied with clinical phenotype. Those with autism demonstrated an increase in grey matter in frontal and temporal lobe regions that was not present in those with Asperger syndrome.
    Adults with ASD have significant differences from controls in the anatomy of brain regions implicated in behaviours characterizing the disorder, and this differs according to clinical subtype.
    Item Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1469-8978
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1017/S0033291709991541
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Beaumont Hospital

    entitlement

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