Now showing items 21-40 of 296

    • Results of a survey of current work practices and future aspirations of members of the Irish Dental Hygienists Association, relative to their scope of practice

      Waldron, Catherine; Pigott-Glynn, Bairbre (Irish Dental Assocation (IDA), 2016-02)
      Dental hygienists (DHs) in Ireland have a choice regarding undertaking further training to update their skills to the current scope of practice. No data exists in relation to how many DHs have updated their skills, how often they use these new skills and how confident they are in using them
    • Fundamentals of occlusion and restorative dentistry. Part II: occlusal contacts, interferences and occlusal considerations in implant patients

      Warreth, Abdulhadi (Irish Dental Assocation (IDA), 2015-10)
      This second part of the two-part article discusses different types of occlusal contacts and their interferences. It also provides a practical guide to what is required to optimise the restorative treatment outcome. Occlusion and its effect on dental implants are also presented. Clinical relevance: Restorative treatment outcome is highly dependent on the occlusion of the restoration when the treatment is complete
    • Fundamentals of occlusion and restorative dentistry. Part I: basic principles

      Warreth, Abdulhadi (Irish Dental Association (IDA), 2015-08)
      One of the goals of restorative treatment is maintenance and/or reestablishment of a good dental occlusion when the treatment is completed.1,2 Therefore, restorative treatment should be aimed at the achievement of smooth unhindered mandibular movements during function. The outcome should not result in an occlusal interference, nor should it lead to generation of excessive force on the teeth, the periodontal apparatus or the temporomandibular joints (TMJs).3,4 All members of the masticatory system should work in harmony and accommodate the changes in occlusal morphology of the finished restoration well.4 Therefore, dentists must have a sound knowledge of dental occlusion and masticatory systems. This article provides clarification of the basic principles of dental occlusion, as well as an overview of this subject area, which is vital for every dental student and dentist. To avoid confusion, the terms and definitions of the Glossary of Prosthodontics5 are used.
    • The occurrence of paraesthesia of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve after dental local anaesthetic use: a case report

      Moorthy, Advan; Stassen, Leo FA (Journal of the Irish Dental Association, 2015-02)
      Local anaesthetics are usually safe, effective and indispensable drugs used routinely in dentistry. Local anaesthetics allow dentistry to be practised in a painfree environment. However, their use may involve complications. Paraesthesia can be defined as persistent anaesthesia (anaesthesia well beyond the expected duration) or as an altered sensation (tingling or itching).1-3 It is the result of damage to a nerve and the occurrence of paraesthesia following the use of local anaesthesia in dentistry represents a rare but important side effect, which is often under-reported4-8 and is important in medico-legal practice. To date, there have been very few recorded incidences or published cases of maxillary nerve paraesthesia following the use of dental local anaesthetic for a routine extraction
    • Mandibular implant-supported overdentures: attachment systems, and number and locations of implants – Part I

      Abdulhadi Warreth; Aslam Fadel Alkadhimi; Ahmed Sultan; Trinity College Dublin (Journal of the Irish Dental Association, 2015-04)
      The use of dental implants in replacing missing teeth is an integral part of restorative dental treatment. Use of conventional complete dentures is associated with several problems such as lack of denture stability, support and retention. However, when mandibular complete dentures were used with two or more implants, an improvement in the patients’ psychological and social well-being could be seen. There is general consensus that removable implant-supported overdentures (RISOs) with two implants should be considered as the first-choice standard of care for an edentulous mandible. This treatment option necessitates the use of attachment systems that connect the complete denture to the implant. Nevertheless, each attachment system has its inherent advantages and disadvantages, which should be considered when choosing a system. The first part of this article provides an overview on options available to restore the mandibular edentulous arch with dental implants. Different types of attachment systems, their features and drawbacks are also reviewed.
    • Does the dentist have a role in identifying patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus?

      Sultan, A; Warreth, A; Fleming, P; MacCarthy, D (Journal of the Irish Dental Association, 2014-12)
      Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome of abnormal carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism that is caused by an absolute or relative lack of insulin.1 Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood and has a genetic, viral or autoimmune aetiology. Type 2 diabetes has a multifactorial aetiology with a strong genetic component and the condition can be prevented by simple lifestyle education
    • Mandibular implant-supported overdentures: attachment systems, and number and locations of implants – Part II

      Warreth, Abdulhadi; Byrne, Caroline; Fadel Alkadhimi, Aslam; Woods, Edel; Sultan, Ahmed (Journal of the Irish Dental Association, 2015-06)
      Factors to be considered when selecting an attachment type Selection of an attachment system that is suitable for a specific clinical situation is sometimes difficult. A good knowledge of the different systems and their mechanical properties, and the way in which they distribute load, is important. For instance, when short implants are used resilient attachments should be applied to ensure a degree of relief on the supporting implants. This allows denture movements to occur and enables the edentulous ridge to absorb the masticatory forces. Consequently, a significant amount of masticatory force is dissipated by the edentulous ridge. Some factors that should be identified and considered in order to obtain the best treatment option with the use of RISOs include the following:
    • Detection of mecC-Positive Staphylococcus aureus (CC130-MRSA-XI) in Diseased European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Sweden

      Monecke, Stefan; Gavier-Widen, Dolores; Mattsson, Roland; Rangstrup-Christensen, Lena; Lazaris, Alexandros; Coleman, David C.; Shore, Anna C.; Ehricht, Ralf; Dublin Dental University Hospital (2013-06-12)
    • Periodontitis in older Swedish individuals fails to predict mortality

      Renvert, Stefan; Wallin-Bengtsson, Viveca; Berglund, Johan; Persson, Rutger G.; Dublin Dental University Hospital (2014-03-23)
    • Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to Describe Children Referred to Special Care or Paediatric Dental Services

      Faulks, Denise; Norderyd, Johanna; Molina, Gustavo; Macgiolla Phadraig, Caoimhin; Scagnet, Gabriela; Eschevins, Caroline; Hennequin, Martine; Dublin Dental University Hospital (2013-04-16)
    • Global Transcriptome Sequencing Identifies Chlamydospore Specific Markers in Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis

      Palige, Katja; Linde, Jörg; Martin, Ronny; Böttcher, Bettina; Citiulo, Francesco; Sullivan, Derek J.; Weber, Johann; Staib, Claudia; Rupp, Steffen; Hube, Bernhard; et al. (2013-04-15)
      Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis are pathogenic fungi that are highly related but differ in virulence and in some phenotypic traits. During in vitro growth on certain nutrient-poor media, C. albicans and C. dubliniensis are the only yeast species which are able to produce chlamydospores, large thick-walled cells of unknown function. Interestingly, only C. dubliniensis forms pseudohyphae with abundant chlamydospores when grown on Staib medium, while C. albicans grows exclusively as a budding yeast. In order to further our understanding of chlamydospore development and assembly, we compared the global transcriptional profile of both species during growth in liquid Staib medium by RNA sequencing. We also included a C. albicans mutant in our study which lacks the morphogenetic transcriptional repressor Nrg1. This strain, which is characterized by its constitutive pseudohyphal growth, specifically produces masses of chlamydospores in Staib medium, similar to C. dubliniensis. This comparative approach identified a set of putatively chlamydospore-related genes. Two of the homologous C. albicans and C. dubliniensis genes (CSP1 and CSP2) which were most strongly upregulated during chlamydospore development were analysed in more detail. By use of the green fluorescent protein as a reporter, the encoded putative cell wall related proteins were found to exclusively localize to C. albicans and C. dubliniensis chlamydospores. Our findings uncover the first chlamydospore specific markers in Candida species and provide novel insights in the complex morphogenetic development of these important fungal pathogens.
    • Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare

      Coleman, D.C.; O’Donnell, M.J.; Miller, A.S.; Boyle, M.A.; Dublin Dental University Hospital (2015-07-03)
    • Laryngotracheal presentation of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with squamous differentiation: seven cases demonstrating an under-recognized diagnostic pitfall

      Toner, Mary; Banville, Niamh; Timon, Conrad I; Dublin Dental University Hospital; Department of Histopathology; St James Hospital; Dublin Ireland; Department of Histopathology; St James Hospital; Dublin Ireland; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; St James Hospital; Dublin Ireland (2014-10)
    • Ebola virus disease: review and implications for dentistry in Ireland

      Galvin, Sheila; Flint, Stephen R; Healy, Claire M (Journal of the Irish Dental Association, 2015-06)
      The current Ebola outbreak in West Africa has developed into a global healthcare emergency with implications for all healthcare professionals. This article will review the clinical features, transmission and oral manifestations of Ebola virus infection, and discuss the implications of the current outbreak for dental practices in Ireland. The Ebola virus is an RNA virus belonging to the Filoviridae family that was first recognised after two outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever in the Democratic Republic of Congo (previously Zaire) and Southern Sudan in 1976.1 The former occurred in a village near the Ebola River, after which the virus was named. Five different species of Ebola virus are now recognised: Bundibugyo, Sudan, Zaire, Reston and Tai Forest. The Zaire strain remains the most lethal, with a mortality rate of 76%, and is the cause of the current, twenty-fifth Ebola epidemic.1,2 The current outbreak in West Africa, which began in Guinea in March 2014, is the largest and most complex since the virus was first recognised, involving more infections and deaths than all previous outbreaks combined, and involving capital cities and major urban centres for the first time. To date, there have been 25,855 cases and 10,717 deaths3,4 (correct on April 17, 2015), with the vast majority of cases in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. There have also been cases in Nigeria, Senegal, Mali, Spain, the United States and United Kingdom
    • Management of primary molar infraocclusion in general practice.

      McGeown, Mary; O'Connell, Anne (Irish Dental Assocation (IDA), 2014-08)
      Statement of the problem: Infraoccluded primary molars can be managed in general dental practice but clinicians need to understand when intervention is necessary.
    • Reading a panoramic radiograph.

      Bolas, Andrew (Irish Dental Assocation (IDA), 2014-08)
      Poor-quality radiographs make diagnosis difficult or sometimes impossible. Rather than try and formulate a diagnosis or treatment plan from a poor radiograph, a decision should be made at an early stage to assess whether the exposure needs to be repeated or not. Panoramic radiographs have a number of inherent faults due to the mechanism by which the image is created, they are also hugely reliant on the positioning of the patient.
    • Quality of 'commercial-off-the-shelf' (COTS) monitors displaying dental radiographs

      McIlgorm, D. J.; Lawinski, C.; Ng, S.; McNulty, J. P. (2013-12-06)
    • Knowledge and behaviour of parents in relation to the oral and dental health of children aged 4-6 years.

      ElKarmi, R; Shore, E; O'Connell, A; Division of Public and Child Dental Health-Dublin Dental University Hospital-Trinity College-Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin2, Ireland, rawankarmi@yahoo.com. (European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2014-11-04)
      To evaluate baseline knowledge and behaviour of parents with regard to the oral and dental health of their young children.