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Assessment of Dietary Intake of Iodine and Risk of Iodine Deficiency in Children with Classical Galactosaemia on Dietary Treatment.
Milner, Dearbhla Boyle, Fiona McNulty, Jenny Knerr, Ina
Milner, Dearbhla
Boyle, Fiona
McNulty, Jenny
Knerr, Ina
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Date
2023-01-13
Date Submitted
Keywords
diet
galactosaemia
inborn error of metabolism
iodine
iodine deficiency disorders
RARE DISEASE
thyroid function
galactosaemia
inborn error of metabolism
iodine
iodine deficiency disorders
RARE DISEASE
thyroid function
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nutrients-15-00407.pdf
Adobe PDF, 1.64 MB
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Abstract
Iodine is an essential mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine plays a critical role in growth and neurocognitive development. Classical galactosaemia is a disorder resulting from an inborn error in galactose metabolism. Its current management consists of life-long lactose and galactose dietary restriction. This study estimated dietary intakes of iodine in infants and children with classical galactosaemia in the Republic of Ireland. The diets of 43 participants (aged 7 months-18 years) with classical galactosaemia were assessed for iodine intake using an iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire. Intakes were compared to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) dietary recommendations for iodine intake. The potential role of iodine fortification of dairy alternative products was also examined. There were no significant differences observed between sex, ethnicity and parental education and meeting dietary iodine recommendations. Differences, however, were seen between age groups, causing the p value to approach statistical significance (p = 0.06). Infants consuming infant formula were likely to meet iodine recommendations. However, over half (53%) of children aged 1-18 years had average intakes below the recommendations for age. For these children, consumption of iodine-fortified dairy alternative milk was the leading source of iodine in the diets, followed by fish/shellfish and eggs. An assessment of iodine intake should be undertaken during dietetic reviews for those with classical galactosaemia. Mandatory iodine fortification of all dairy alternative products would result in 92% of the total population cohort meeting iodine recommendations based on their current consumption.
Language
en
Citation
ISSN
eISSN
2072-6643
ISBN
DOI
10.3390/nu15020407
PMID
36678278
PMCID
PMC9860822