1. Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2009;15(4):279-83.

Turner syndrome: neuroimaging findings: structural and functional.

Mullaney R, Murphy D.

Department of Psychiatry, Research and Education Centre, Royal College of
Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
ronan.mullancey@kcl.ac.uk

Neuroimaging studies of Turner syndrome can advance our understanding of the X
chromosome in brain development, and the modulatory influence of endocrine
factors. There is increasing evidence from neuroimaging studies that TX
individuals have significant differences in the anatomy, function, and metabolism
of a number of brain regions; including the parietal lobe; cerebellum, amygdala, 
hippocampus; and basal ganglia; and perhaps differences in "connectivity" between
frontal and parieto-occipital regions. Finally, there is preliminary evidence
that genomic imprinting, sex hormones and growth hormone have significant
modulatory effects on brain maturation in TS.


PMID: 20014366  [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]