Promoter polymorphisms in two overlapping 6p25 genes implicate mitochondrial proteins in cognitive deficit in schizophrenia.
Authors
Jablensky, AAngelicheva, D
Donohoe, G J
Cruickshank, M
Azmanov, D N
Morris, D W
McRae, A
Weickert, C S
Carter, K W
Chandler, D
Alexandrov, B
Usheva, A
Morar, B
Verbrugghe, P L
Filipovska, A
Rackham, O
Bishop, A R
Rasmussen, K Ø
Dragovic, M
Cooper, M
Phillips, M
Badcock, J
Bramon-Bosch, E
Almeida, O P
Flicker, L
Gill, M
Corvin, A
Macgregor, S
Kalaydjieva, L
Affiliation
1] Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia [2] School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.Issue Date
2011-10-04
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Promoter polymorphisms in two overlapping 6p25 genes implicate mitochondrial proteins in cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. 2011: Mol. PsychiatryJournal
Molecular psychiatryDOI
10.1038/mp.2011.129PubMed ID
21968932Abstract
In a previous study, we detected a 6p25-p24 region linked to schizophrenia in families with high composite cognitive deficit (CD) scores, a quantitative trait integrating multiple cognitive measures. Association mapping of a 10 Mb interval identified a 260 kb region with a cluster of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with CD scores and memory performance. The region contains two colocalising genes, LYRM4 and FARS2, both encoding mitochondrial proteins. The two tagging SNPs with strongest evidence of association were located around the overlapping putative promoters, with rs2224391 predicted to alter a transcription factor binding site (TFBS). Sequencing the promoter region identified 22 SNPs, many predicted to affect TFBSs, in a tight linkage disequilibrium block. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed promoter activity in the predicted promoter region, and demonstrated marked downregulation of expression in the LYRM4 direction under the haplotype comprising the minor alleles of promoter SNPs, which however is not driven by rs2224391. Experimental evidence from LYRM4 expression in lymphoblasts, gel-shift assays and modelling of DNA breathing dynamics pointed to two adjacent promoter SNPs, rs7752203-rs4141761, as the functional variants affecting expression. Their C-G alleles were associated with higher transcriptional activity and preferential binding of nuclear proteins, whereas the G-A combination had opposite effects and was associated with poor memory and high CD scores. LYRM4 is a eukaryote-specific component of the mitochondrial biogenesis of Fe-S clusters, essential cofactors in multiple processes, including oxidative phosphorylation. LYRM4 downregulation may be one of the mechanisms involved in inefficient oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress, increasingly recognised as contributors to schizophrenia pathogenesis.Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication, 4 October 2011; doi:10.1038/mp.2011.129.Item Type
ArticleLanguage
enISSN
1476-5578ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1038/mp.2011.129
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