Occlusal accommodation and mouthguards for prevention of orofacial trauma.
Affiliation
Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen's University Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK. l.geary@qub.ac.ukIssue Date
2009MeSH
Athletic InjuriesDental Arch
Dental Articulators
Dental Models
Dental Occlusion
Dental Occlusion, Centric
Equipment Design
Facial Injuries
Humans
Jaw Relation Record
Mandible
Mandibular Condyle
Maxilla
Mouth
Mouth Protectors
Polyvinyls
Surface Properties
Vertical Dimension
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Occlusal accommodation and mouthguards for prevention of orofacial trauma. 2009, 7 (1):55-9 Oral Health Prev DentJournal
Oral health & preventive dentistryPubMed ID
19408816Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of occlusal accommodation on the arch separation in centric and eccentric arch positions and to assess the opposing tooth contacts in professionally made, thermoformed sports mouthguards.Maxillary and mandibular alginate impressions, a wax interocclusal record of centric occlusion together with maxillary/condylar face-bow registrations, were recorded clinically for 10 undergraduate dental students who are sports activist volunteers of the School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen's University Belfast. Two ethylene vinyl acetate thermoformed maxillary mouthguards were made for each player (N = 20) using a standardised procedure. Ten mouthguards served both as the control (i.e. the non-accommodated) group and also the accommodated, occlusally 'imprinted' group. The other 10 mouthguards served as the accommodated, occlusally 'ground' group. Casts were articulated, each non-accommodated and accommodated mouthguard was seated and the extent of the interocclusal opening was recorded in all three arch relationships. The number of mouthguard and mandibular tooth contacts were also recorded in each position.
The increased vertical occlusal dimension that was found in the presence of non-accommodated mouthguards equated to the full-sheet thickness of the material that was used to form the mouthguards. Only mouthguards accommodated by grinding retained high levels of occlusal contact in all arch relationships that were tested.
Within the limitations of this study, the modification of the occlusal surface made by flat grinding reduced the arch separation in eccentric movements and increased the opposing tooth contacts in custom-made mouthguards. This may contribute to increased comfort, compliance and the protective effect of these appliances thus resulting in a reduction of injuries to the teeth, arches and soft tissues.