http://hdl.handle.net/10147/128158 Sat, 25 May 2013 10:58:16 GMT 2013-05-25T10:58:16Z http://www.lenus.ie:80/hse/retrieve/281575/CUH_logo.gif http://hdl.handle.net/10147/128158 http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292749 Title: Less stress, more success? Oncological implications of surgery-induced oxidative stress. Authors: O'Leary, D P; Wang, J H; Cotter, T G; Redmond, H P Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) possess important cell signalling properties. This contradicts traditional thought which associated ROS activity with cell death. Emerging evidence clearly demonstrates that ROS signalling acts as a key regulator in tumour cell survival and in the cellular processes required for tumour cells to successfully metastasise and proliferate. The discovery of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) family of enzymes in the last decade has unravelled much of the mystery surrounding how ROS are generated. Tumour cells are now known to express Nox enzymes which produce ROS required for cellular signalling. Activation of Nox enzymes occurs via interaction with proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors, all of which are released following surgical trauma. As our understanding of the signalling capabilities of ROS grows, the oncological implications of ROS activity are gradually being revealed. Nox-derived ROS are known to play a central role in each step of the metastatic cascade including invasion, adhesion, angiogenesis and proliferation. This article describes how surgery creates a ROS-rich environment, which facilitates redox signalling, and also examines the role played by Nox enzymes in this process. The authors then explore current knowledge of the oncological implications of surgery-induced redox signalling, and discuss current and future therapeutic strategies targeted at ROS and Nox enzymes in cancer patients. Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292749 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292748 Title: Adverse drug reactions in older patients during hospitalisation: are they predictable? Authors: O'Connor, Marie N; Gallagher, Paul; Byrne, Stephen; O'Mahony, Denis Abstract: adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major cause of morbidity and healthcare utilisation in older people. The GerontoNet ADR risk score aims to identify older people at risk of ADRs during hospitalisation. We aimed to assess the clinical applicability of this score and identify other variables that predict ADRs in hospitalised older people. Thu, 01 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292748 2012-11-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292747 Title: Leptospirosis: a globally increasing zoonotic disease. Authors: Rock, Clare; Brady, Deirdre; Forde, Patrick; Lucey, Patricia; Horgan, Mary Abstract: A 27-year-old previously healthy man was admitted to the intensive care unit with severe jaundice, dyspnoea with haemoptysis, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal injury. He had no recent history of foreign travel but had been building a shed in his back garden in Cork, Ireland, for the preceding week. The patient's history, clinical observations, haematological and radiological results were all consistent with icteric leptospirosis or Weil's disease. This was confirmed on serological testing. He completed 7 days intravenous ceftriaxone and made a complete recovery. While endemic in tropical climates, leptospirosis incidence is increasing in temperate climates. Recent cases seen in temperate climates can be severe, particularly with pulmonary manifestations. The report of this case serves to increase awareness of this re-emerging potentially fatal infectious disease. Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292747 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292585 Title: Do helmets worn for hurling fail to protect the ear? Identification of an emerging injury pattern. Authors: Martin-Smith, James D; Chan, Jeffery C Y; Power, Kieran T; Crowley, Paddy J; Clover, Anthony James P Abstract: Hurling is an Irish national game of stick and ball known for its ferocity, played by 190 000 players. Facial injuries were common but have been significantly reduced by legislation enforcing compulsory helmet wearing. Current standard helmets worn by hurlers do not offer protection to the external ear. Here we describe an emerging pattern of ear injuries and demonstrate the risk of external ear injuries in hurlers complying with current helmet safety standards. A 6-month retrospective analysis was carried out of patients attending Cork University Hospital (CUH) with ear lacerations sustained while hurling. Patient notes were reviewed and helmet manufacturers were interviewed. Seven patients were identified, all of whom sustained complex through ear lacerations while wearing helmets complying with current safety standards. Current helmet design fails to protect the external ear placing it at an increased risk of injury, a potential solution is to include ear protection in the helmet design. Sat, 01 Dec 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10147/292585 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z